Balance
Balance is the fine tuning of the competition of multiple actors so that the activity meets quality standards. Arbitrary relations may well be lopsided in multiple ways but usually there are expectations of certain properties placing limits of what is workable.
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Evenness
A basic requirement of a balance, evenness means that certain choices should not impact the winning prospects of players. Usually choice of race or map starting position have high expectations of evenness. Evenness is so highly valued aspect of balance that even small issues with it are often pointed out and expected to be fixed. Understandably a non-even activity doesn't measure skill and thus winning and losing might lose their meaning should the game become too uneven.
Variety
Variety is the measure of options available to players. Are there 3 or 30 viable ways to play the game?
Diversity
How many kinds of skill does the game measure. How many kinds of gamers does it gather to.
Dimensionality
Dimensionality is the measure of interconnectedness of the choices available to players. Also on how many ways one particualr goal can be archived.
Intuitiveness
Intuitiveness is how easy it is to learn, convey and understand the balance. Arbitrary technical notions often make for less intuitive games. Metaphors from other already familiar areas of life make the more sensible.
Robustness
How well the quality of the balance preserves under minor changes. This is particularly important is games that receive frequent balance updates.
Modularity
How well do the subsystems of the balance fare considered as their own system. How easy it is to remove and add game elements without negatively impacting the balance quality. This aspect is important in games that are highly customizable.
Transparency
How well does the balance differentiate between skilled and completely random play? How much obstacles does the game bring to hinder competition.
Uniformity
How many single issue fixes there are. Do all things introduces get utilised everywhere they could be.
Sensibility
Compatibility of the balance to some external logic or school of thought. When none provided common sense is often assumed.